The Camino de Santiago is not just a pilgrimage route. More than that, it is a journey steeped in symbolism and mystery, with its roots deeply embedded in the ancient mythology of the peoples who inhabited the Iberian Peninsula before the arrival of Christianity.

The presence of Celtic mythology is particularly notable in the northern regions of Spain. Here, ancient legends and beliefs about nature and spirituality continue to resonate in the places and traditions that pilgrims encounter on their journey.

In this article, we will explore how Celtic mythology has influenced the Camino de Santiago and its symbolism. We will highlight some of the mystical Celtic sites that accompany pilgrims on their journey towards Santiago and beyond.

 

Celtic Origins of the Camino de Santiago

At Mundiplus, we want to provide you with all the information about the Camino de Santiago possible. Although today it is recognised as a Christian pilgrimage to the tomb of the Apostle James, there are theories that suggest it has much older origins.
Before the arrival of Christianity, the Celtic tribes inhabiting the north-western region of the peninsula had strong spiritual beliefs connected to nature and certain geographical points they considered sacred.

For example, the area surrounding Finisterre was, for them, the “end of the world”, a place where the physical world met the beyond. This link between Celtic mythology and the pilgrimage to the end of the physical world inspired the creation of routes that, although later adapted as Christian paths, still preserve in their essence the respect and fascination for nature and spirituality.

Thus, it could be said that the Complete Camino Primitivo, as well as other routes, hold remnants of this connection between spirituality and Celtic mythology.

 

Places on the Camino de Santiago with Celtic Influence

Throughout the Camino de Santiago, there are places with a strong Celtic influence that offer pilgrims a direct connection to this ancient culture. These points of interest not only reveal remnants of Celtic mythology, but also enrich the spiritual experience of the Camino.

 

Finisterre and the Journey to the End of the World


Today, many pilgrims choose to continue their journey to Finisterre after reaching Santiago. The goal is to seek that same connection with the sea and the symbolism of an ending that is a new beginning.

Finisterre becomes an extension of the spiritual journey, full of symbolism, nourished by the mythology of the Camino to Finisterre. As we mentioned, this route is the place the Romans called the “end of the world”, but for the Celts, it was previously a site of great spiritual significance.

 

Monte do Gozo


Monte do Gozo is one of the most awaited points for pilgrims, as it is the place where they can see the towers of Santiago Cathedral for the first time. While it is now known for its Christian significance, it also has a connection to the Celtic past, as the concept of “arrival” and “revelation” is present in many Celtic beliefs.

This site can be interpreted as a place of transformation and rebirth, which fits with the Celtic symbolism of mountains as points of connection between the spiritual and earthly realms.

 

Other Celtic Rooted Sites in Galicia

There are other locations in Galicia that stand out for their connection to Celtic culture, such as Monte Pindo and Cabo Ortegal.

  • Monte Pindo, known as the “Celtic Olympus,” is filled with legends and symbolism. This mountain has been a place of worship since ancient times and holds myths about protective deities and magical creatures.
  • On the other hand, Cabo Ortegal is one of the northernmost points in Galicia. It was also considered a special place in Celtic mythology due to its location and the meeting of the sea and land.

 

Elements of Celtic Mythology on the Camino

The influence of Celtic mythology manifests in various aspects of the Camino de Santiago: from the legends surrounding certain sites to the symbols and monuments that remind us of the beliefs of the ancient Celtic peoples.
Indeed, there are elements that highlight the presence of mythology on the Camino Francés, as well as other significant details that enrich the pilgrim’s experience.

 

The Figure of the Druids and Ancient Pilgrims

In Celtic mythology, the druids were sacred figures who acted as mediators between the earthly and spiritual worlds. Their connection to nature and their knowledge of the cycles of life and death made them spiritual leaders.
In a way, the first pilgrims, who travelled the paths to Finisterre long before the consolidation of the cult to Santiago, mirrored this journey of spiritual transformation.

 

The Cult of Nature

Celtic mythology assigned a sacred role to nature, and many of the places pilgrims pass through retain that same sanctity. Rivers, mountains, and forests were essential in Celtic beliefs.
There are stories of the Camino Inglés that tell how the natural environment and certain rituals allowed the Celts to find balance and spirituality.

 

The Meaning of the Stars and the Path of the Stars

Another of the most intriguing theories about the Camino de Santiago is its connection with the Milky Way, known in ancient times as the “Path of the Stars.” For the Celts, the stars also played a crucial role in their worldview.
The Milky Way was seen as a path to the beyond, a spiritual transformation journey that reflected the importance of nature and the cosmos in their mythology.

There are details about the Camino Inglés that speak of legends invoking respect for the stars and the transformative power of the journey, reminding pilgrims of the sacred nature of their path. This union between the sky and the earth enriches the Camino experience, keeping the ancient Celtic beliefs alive through the steps of those walking the routes today.

 

Celtic Mythological Figures and Their Legacy on the Camino

Celtic mythology is full of figures that embody the connection between humankind and the natural world. Many of these figures remain present in Galician culture and in the traditions pilgrims encounter on their journey along the Camino de Santiago.

 

The Goddess Deva and Other Celtic Deities

Deva was the goddess of water and rivers, and her cult spread throughout Galicia. In many places along the Camino, pilgrims cross rivers and springs that are considered sacred and are connected to ancient deities such as Deva. This bond with water and its purifying power offers pilgrims a space for reflection and renewal along their journey.

 

Legends of Magical Creatures

It is said that the mouros are supernatural beings that inhabit forts and mountains, guarding treasures and secrets. For some pilgrims, these tales of creatures and magical beings add an element of mystery and charm to the Camino, inviting them to connect with Celtic mythology in a unique way.

Understanding the Celtic legacy and the importance of nature and sacred sites allows pilgrims to connect on a deeper level with their journey. The Camino de Santiago is not just a path; it is a portal to a past filled with mysticism, ancestral beliefs, and a spiritual worldview that remains relevant today.